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Examining the "worried well" phenomenon: insights from Italy’s AIDS and STIs Helpline
Abstract
Background. The fear of having contracted HIV or another sexually transmitted infection (STI), even in the absence of significant risk factors, is a globally observed phenomenon across diverse cultural, social, and healthcare settings. Helplines serve as a valuable observatory for this pattern, often described as “worried well” (WW). This study investigates the WW phenomenon with the objective of assessing whether the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a compounding factor in its intensification.
Methods. AIDS and STIs Helpline of the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS) extracted data from a structured database and analyzed patterns related to callers’ concerns.
Results. Between 2018 and 2023, 4,703 calls were analysed, showing how WWs represent 8.1% of all users and questions asked by WWs accounted for 7.8% of the total number of questions received by the AIDS and STIs Helpline.
Conclusions. While the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to an intensification of the WW phenomenon, its origins are more deeply rooted in factors such as psychological distress and limited health literacy.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Istituto Superiore di Sanità
How to Cite
Schwarz, M., Gallo, P., Colucci, A., Fanales Belasio, E., Valli, R., Dalla Torre, R., Gallo, C., & D'Agostini, A. (2025). Examining the "worried well" phenomenon: insights from Italy’s AIDS and STIs Helpline. Annali dell’Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, 61(4), 293–300. https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_25_04_08
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